The Judiciary Committee functioned as a legislative body within the Galactic Senate of the Galactic Republic throughout the Clone Wars period, spanning from 22 BBY to 19 BBY. An element of this committee was the Internal Activities Committee, which possessed the authority to initiate legal proceedings against persons accused of crimes.
The canon Star Wars universe saw the introduction of the Judiciary Committee in 2019 with the release of Rise of the Separatists, a supplemental sourcebook for the Fantasy Flight Games Star Wars: Age of Rebellion roleplaying game. A Star Wars Legends novel by James Luceno called Darth Plagueis, published in 2012, contained the initial reference to the Judiciary Committee.